Question

short note on set up of new administration by British​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Warren Hastings, Governor-General of India from 1773 to 1785, introduced several administrative reforms, most famous of which were in the areas of justice. He also played a major role in the expansion of Company power, and by the end of his time, the Company had acquired power in Bengal, Bombay, and Madras. British territories were broadly divided into administrative units called Presidencies.
2. A new system of justice was established in 1772; each district was to have two courts - a criminal court - faujdari adalat, and a civil court - diwani adalat. Maulvis and Hindu pandits interpreted Indian laws for the European district collectors who presided over civil courts. The criminal courts were still under a qazi and a mufti, but under the supervision of the collectors.
3. Under the Regulating Act of 1773, a new Supreme Court was established, and a court for appeals – the Sadar Nizamat Adalat – was also set up at Calcutta.
4. In the early 1800s, the British began to develop a uniform military culture for its forces in India. The Company's soldiers, many of whom were Indians, were increasingly subjected to European-style training, drill, and discipline that regulated and changed their lives far more than before.

Answer 2

Answer:

British  had  three  Presidencies:  Bengal,  Madras  and  Bombay.  Each  was ruled by a Governor General. Warren Hastings introduced new system of justice. Each  district  had  two  courts –a  Criminal  and  a  Civil  court.  Maulvis  and  Hindu pandits  interpreted  Indian  laws  for  theEuropean  district  collectors. The  criminal courts were still under a qazi and a mufti but under the supervision of the collectors. A new Supreme Court was established, while a court of appeal –the Sadar Nizamat Adalat –was also set up at Calcutta. The Collector collected revenue and taxes and maintained law and order in his district with the help of judges, police officers and darogas.

Explanation: