short note on structure of paramecium
Answers
Answered by
3
Pellicle: It is outer most covering. It is thin and elastic. It is made up of a kind of gelatinous substance. The surface of pellicle has hexagonal structure and each hexagonal structure consists of cilia outer side and trichocyst inner side. Its function is to provide shape to the cell and to give elasticity to the cell.
Cilia: The outer layer is covered with fine hair like structure called cilia. The cilia arise from the cytoplasm and penetrate pellicle. The base of the cilia has nodule called kinetosome. The cilia help in locomotion and capture food.
Trichocyst: The trichocysts are spindle shaped structure, which arrange at right angle towards inner side of pellicle. They are considered as defense organs. They are discharged out as needle like structures when the paramecium is stimulated.
Oral groove: The oral groove is oblique aperture which runs backward and situated at 2/3rd part of the body. Base of oral groove is called vestibule and is conical shaped. The vestibule connects an opening called cytostome. The cytostome opens into gullet. It is tube like structures and called as cytopharynx. The gullet terminates in food vacuole.
Cytopyge: There is small opening called cytoproct or cytopyge is present behind oral groove. It acts as anus of the paramecium through which undigested matters from the cell is passed out.
Cytoplasm: Cytoplasm is differentiated into two parts. The outer part is thin and called ectoplasm, inner part is granular called endoplasm. The ectoplasm consists of trichocysts and base of cilia. Endoplasm consists of cell organelles and cell inclusions.
Nucleus: In the endoplasm, there are two nuclei. One is larger kidney shaped called macronucleus or mega nucleus which helps in vegetative reproduction. There is another is smaller round or spherical nucleus in the cavity of large nucleus called micronucleus, which helps in sexual reproduction.
Contractile Vacuole: There are two contractile vacuoles one at each end. The contractile vacuole consists of 5-10 radial canals, which appear as star like structure. Each radial canal has three parts i.e. ampulla, terminal and injecting canal.
Function of contractile vacuole
It helps in absorption of water from the body and pour into the vacuole. The vacuole contracts time to time to throw out the excess water from the body. It is the organ of osmoregulation.
Cilia: The outer layer is covered with fine hair like structure called cilia. The cilia arise from the cytoplasm and penetrate pellicle. The base of the cilia has nodule called kinetosome. The cilia help in locomotion and capture food.
Trichocyst: The trichocysts are spindle shaped structure, which arrange at right angle towards inner side of pellicle. They are considered as defense organs. They are discharged out as needle like structures when the paramecium is stimulated.
Oral groove: The oral groove is oblique aperture which runs backward and situated at 2/3rd part of the body. Base of oral groove is called vestibule and is conical shaped. The vestibule connects an opening called cytostome. The cytostome opens into gullet. It is tube like structures and called as cytopharynx. The gullet terminates in food vacuole.
Cytopyge: There is small opening called cytoproct or cytopyge is present behind oral groove. It acts as anus of the paramecium through which undigested matters from the cell is passed out.
Cytoplasm: Cytoplasm is differentiated into two parts. The outer part is thin and called ectoplasm, inner part is granular called endoplasm. The ectoplasm consists of trichocysts and base of cilia. Endoplasm consists of cell organelles and cell inclusions.
Nucleus: In the endoplasm, there are two nuclei. One is larger kidney shaped called macronucleus or mega nucleus which helps in vegetative reproduction. There is another is smaller round or spherical nucleus in the cavity of large nucleus called micronucleus, which helps in sexual reproduction.
Contractile Vacuole: There are two contractile vacuoles one at each end. The contractile vacuole consists of 5-10 radial canals, which appear as star like structure. Each radial canal has three parts i.e. ampulla, terminal and injecting canal.
Function of contractile vacuole
It helps in absorption of water from the body and pour into the vacuole. The vacuole contracts time to time to throw out the excess water from the body. It is the organ of osmoregulation.
Answered by
0
fresh water, free living, omnipresent and is found in stagnant water. body is surrounded by a tough & elastic pellicle. cytoplasm well differentiated into ecto and endoplasm.
Similar questions