Question

short note on the land revenue system of akbar

Answer 1

There was no Mughal land revenue system before Akbar. His father Humayun and grandfather Babur did not introduce any changes because they were the first conquerors of their dynasty and remained pre-occupied with subduing rebellions, consolidating empires and maintaining order.

A proper land revenue system was founded by Akbar. However, the system of Akbar was itself based on what Shershah Suri implemented during his short tenure. Thus, the land revenue system of Akbar was neither an innovation nor an invention. His indebtedness to the earlier rulers is immense but this has not diminished his fame as far as land revenue system is concerned. He followed the policy of Shershah with greater precision and correctness and then extended it to various subah or provinces of his empire. But this correction or precision did not came overnight. Initially was tortuous enough to turn peasants into beggars, and forcing them to sell their wives and children.
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Answer 2

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⭕Raja Todarmal, Akbar's revenue minister started this land revenue system.

⭕It was largely based on Sher Shah's land revenue system.

⭕The peasant's land were measured and assended.

⭕He calculated the state's share of each crop.

⭕This method of calculation was called the zabt system.

⭕He conducted a careful survey of crops, felilds, yields, prices and areas cultivated for a ten year period.

⭕Based on this information, tax was fixed on each cropin cash.

⭕Each province was divided into revenue circle with it's own schedule of revenue rates for each crop.

⭕This was applied in some areas where survey of land was possible.