short note on wheat
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Wheat is the second most important crop in India next to rice. This food grain of the country is actually the staple food of the people of north-western India. A huge portion of the total cropped area in the country is under the production of wheat crop. It is also said that as a food, wheat is more nutritive as compared to the other cereals. The gluten present in wheat determines its chapatimaking quality. Hard varieties of wheat are richer in gluten. In India, generally hard varieties of wheat are grown as most of the wheat grown in the country is consumed in the form of chappatis.
Wheat is one of the oldest crops introduced in India at least four thousand years ago from the Middle East that is mainly East Mediterranean and West Asia. It does well on the loamy soils of Northern plains covering Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh. It also grows well in the black soils of Madhya Pradesh. The small areas expand towards the rest of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Maharashtra. It is, however, fundamentally a crop of north India.
Wheat requires a cool and wet climate during the growing season and a dry warm climate at the time of ripening. A yearly rainfall of 50 to 75 cm is usually prefect. All these essentials make it a superlative rabi crop. A few spell of winter showers or guaranteed irrigation, ensures an abundant harvest. Unlike the rice crop, it is not so much at the mercy of forces of nature. It also prefers clayey alluvial soils. And in India, wheat is mainly grown in those areas, which receive less than 100 cm per year. At the time of sowing of this crop, adequate moisture in the soil is required. Wheat is sown in moderately large areas during that time of the year when a few showers of rain fall before it is sown.
Wheat is one of the oldest crops introduced in India at least four thousand years ago from the Middle East that is mainly East Mediterranean and West Asia. It does well on the loamy soils of Northern plains covering Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh. It also grows well in the black soils of Madhya Pradesh. The small areas expand towards the rest of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Maharashtra. It is, however, fundamentally a crop of north India.
Wheat requires a cool and wet climate during the growing season and a dry warm climate at the time of ripening. A yearly rainfall of 50 to 75 cm is usually prefect. All these essentials make it a superlative rabi crop. A few spell of winter showers or guaranteed irrigation, ensures an abundant harvest. Unlike the rice crop, it is not so much at the mercy of forces of nature. It also prefers clayey alluvial soils. And in India, wheat is mainly grown in those areas, which receive less than 100 cm per year. At the time of sowing of this crop, adequate moisture in the soil is required. Wheat is sown in moderately large areas during that time of the year when a few showers of rain fall before it is sown.
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Wheat
Explanation:
- Wheat is a cereal gown in temperate countries. It is used to make flour for pasta, bread and pastry. The most widely grown wheat around the world belong to the genus Triticum.
- It is a major diet component worldwide, its grain can be easily stored and converted into flour when needed to make various types of foods.
- There are around 14 species and 30,000 varieties of wheat grown around the world. Out of 30,000 varieties 1000 have commercial importance. In U.S alone, there are more than 500 varieties available.
Learn More:
Classification of cereals
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