short notes on cancer in females not exceeding more than 500 words
Answers
Cancer occurs due to abnormal cell growth that typically occurs in any one part of the body and spreads to others if not treated on time. There are numerous types of cancers. Some of the common types of cancers include lung cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, skin cancer, kidney cancer and blood cancer. Millions of people incur this deadly disease each year. While some fight it back bravely others succumb to it after some time.
Stages of Cancer
There are four stages of cancer. If detected at an early stage, it can be cured with the help of surgery and medication however when detected at a later stage it usually proves fatal for the patient. Here is a detailed look at the four stages of cancer:
Stage 1
In stage one, the cancer is small and is still contained within the organ it sprung up in.
Stage 2
The size of the tumour is larger in stage 2 however it hasn’t yet begun to spread in the surrounding tissues. At times stage 2 of cancer means that the cancer cells have gone further and spread in the lymph nodes near the tumour.
Stage 3
The tumour is much larger in this stage and it may have begun spreading in the surrounding tissues. Cancer cells also spread in the lymph nodes in the area in this stage.
Stage 4
In this stage, the cancer has spread to other organ/ organs. It is also referred to as secondary or metastatic cancer.
Sometimes these stages are further divided by the use of letters A, B and C.
Why is Staging Essential?
It is essential to diagnose the cancer stage as it helps in understanding the treatment required for the patient. For instance, if a patient is still in the first stage of cancer then a surgery or radiotherapy may help cure the same. It is a local treatment that only treats one part of the body.
If the cancer cells have broken from the original place and entered the lymph nodes which means the patient has entered the third stage of cancer then adjuvant treatment is suggested. This usually involves chemotherapy post surgery. This is done to kill the cancer cells broken away from the primary tumour.
In case the cancer has spread to other parts of the body then local and adjuvant treatments are not enough. It requires a treatment that covers the entire body. Such a treatment is known as systemic treatment. It involves chemotherapy hormone therapy and biological therapies that circulate in the bloodstream.
Staging is thus used as a means to describe the size of the cancer and the severity of the problem. A number of tests are carried out by the doctors when a patient is diagnosed of cancer. These are done to understand the size of the cancer and whether it has spread to the other organs. This helps in identifying the stage of cancer a patient is suffering from.
Conclusion
Many types of cancers are curable if detected at stage 1 or 2. However, it becomes difficult to deal with the problem as the stage goes up. The symptoms of this disease must not be ignored and the patient must undergo treatment while there is still time.
Cancer in women refers to any one of a large number of diseases characterized by the development of abnormal cells that divide uncontrollably and have the ability to infiltrate and destroy normal body tissue.mainly affected part s lungs. Cancer often has the ability to spread throughout your body. Cancer is the second-leading cause of death in the world.