Question

Show the formation of NaCl and MgCl2 by transfer of electrons?

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Answer: 1) Sodium chloride

Electronic configuration of sodium:

$[Na]=1s^22s^22p^63s^1$

Sodium atom will loose one electron to gain noble gas configuration and form sodium cation with +1 charge.

$[Na^+]=1s^22s^22p^63s^0$

Electronic configuration of chlorine:

$[Cl]=1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^5$

Chlorine atom will gain one electron to gain noble gas configuration and form chloride ion with -1 charge.

$[Cl^-]=1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^6$

In sodium chloride the one electron from sodium metal gets transferred to chlorine atom and thus $NaCl$ is formed.

2) Electronic configuration of magnesium:

$[Mg]=1s^22s^22p^63s^2$

Magnesium atom will loose two electrons to gain noble gas configuration and form magnesium cation with +2 charge.

$[Mg^{2+}]=1s^22s^22p^63s^0$

Electronic configuration of chlorine:

$[Cl]=1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^5$

Chlorine atom will gain one electron to gain noble gas configuration and form chloride ion with -1 charge.

$[Cl^-]=1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^6$

In Magnesium chloride two electrons from magnesium metal gets transferred to two chlorine atoms and thus $MgCl_2$ is formed.