Question

show the formation of Nacl from sodium and chlorine atom by the transfer of electrons (a) why sodium chloride has high m.p ( melting point) (b) name the anode and cathode used in electrolytic refining to impure copper metal​

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:a)as it is an ionic bond it more m.p

b)anode=impure copper

cathode=pure strip of copper

Answer 2

(a)  Sodium chloride has high m.p ( melting point) due to the presence of strong ionic bond.

(b) The anode and cathode used in electrolytic refining to impure copper metal​ are impure copper metal (anode) and pure copper metal (cathode).

Explanation:

• Atomic number of sodium is 11 and its electronic distribution is 2, 8 , 1. And, atomic number of chlorine is 17 with electronic distribution as 2, 8, 7. So, when both sodium and chlorine chemically combine to each other then sodium will lose its one valence electron.

• This will form $Na^{+}$ ion whereas chlorine atom on gaining an electron will form $Cl^{-}$ ion. Therefore, due to the presence of partial opposite charges both sodium and chlorine ions will be pulled closer to each other due to strong force of attraction.

• Hence, to break this strong ionic bond high heat has to be supplied. Therefore, melting point of NaCl is high. In the electrolytic refining of copper metal, oxidation takes place at the anode and reduction takes place at cathode.
• This means that anode is a thick block of impure copper metal from which pure copper metal gets oxidized to copper ion in the solution.

• Hence, at cathode thin strip of pure copper metal is placed where copper ions from the solution tend to reduce to copper metal and get deposited on the strip.

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