Show the formation of sodium oxide and calcium chloride by transfer of electrons
Answers
1) Sodium oxide
It consists of Sodium and Oxygen ion.
We have:
Na⁺¹ and O⁻²
Sodium reacts by lose of one electron
Oxygen reacts by gaining of two electrons.
We will therefore need two ions of Sodium to react with oxygen since the oxygen needs to gain two electrons.
The formula is thus : Na₂O
2) Calcium Chloride
Calcium reacts by lose of 2 electrons.
Chlorine reacts by gaining one electron.
Since we have two electrons to be lost by Calcium, we will have two atoms of Chlorine to combine with the two electrons.
The formula is thus :
CaCl₂
Formation of NaCl:
1. Sodium has atomic number 11, shows the electronic configuration 2,8,1 to become complete by it's octet state, Sodium looses it's 1 electron and forms the sodium ion Na+ (2,8).
Sodium (Na) (2,8,1) -------------> Sodium ion (Na+) (2,8)
2. Chlorine has atomic number 17, shows electronic configuration 2,8,7. To become complete by it's octet state, it accepts 1 electron shared by Sodium and forms the Chlorine ion Cl- (2,8,8)
Chlorine (Cl) (2,8,7) --------------> Chloride ion (Cl-) (2,8,8)
3. Due to the opposite charges, there is a attraction between this two ions and one new chemical bond is formed.
Na₊ + Cl₋ -------------> NaCl
About Sodium Chloride:
Sodium Chloride is a common salt which is generally referred as "common salt" also. Sodium Chloride is colorless and crystalline ionic compound. By the further reactions on Sodium Chloride, Various salts like Na2Co3 and NaHCO3 are produced.
i) NaCl is generally salty in taste.
ii) It is Colourless , Neutral salt.
iii) There is no water of crystallization in it's crystalline structure.
iv) When the NaCl is heated at 800 degree Celsius, then it melts. This state of salt is called as "Fused state of salt".