Question

show the method of liquification for separation.(with diagram)​

Answer 1

Answer:

In materials science, liquefaction is a process that generates a liquid from a solid or a gas or that generates a non-liquid phase which behaves in accordance with fluid dynamics. It occurs both naturally and artificially.

Answer 2

Liquefaction is the transformation of a gaseous substance into its liquid state. This change is the outcome of change in physical conditions like temperature, pressure, and volume. Thomas Andrew was the first person to study the change of state from gases to liquids in Carbon Dioxide. It was later discovered that most real gases behave like Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and change from gases to liquids if optimum physical changes in temperature and pressure are achieved.

In his experiment on CO2, Andrews came to a conclusion that at high temperatures, despite high pressure, the gases cannot be liquefied. Also with the increase in temperature, the gases show significant deviation from the ideal behavior. In the case of carbon dioxide, at 30.98° C, the gas started changing into a liquid.

Critical Temperature, Volume, and Pressure

Andrews in his experiment observed that above a specific temperature, the gas sample couldn’t be liquefied, howsoever high the pressure becomes.The critical temperature is the temperature at which a gas changes into liquid. With the increase in temperature, the pressure required to liquefy a gas also increases. This temperature was the highest temperature at which a gas appears in the form of a liquid. It is the critical temperature or TC.

Critical constants play an essential role in the change of states of matter. Critical constants are critical pressure, temperature, and volume. The volume of one mole of a gas volume liquefied at critical temperature is known as the critical volume (Vc) while the pressure required to liquefy the gas at critical temperature is called as the Critical pressure (pc).