Significance of organ donation and steps to increase its awareness among public
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Answer:
Explanation:
Organ transplantation is the most preferred treatment for many of the end-stage organ diseases as it offers a better quality of life and has a better long-term survival benefits.[1] However, the primary hindrance to the organ transplantation program worldwide is the shortage of donor organs.[2] There is an increasing discrepancy between the number of patients on the waiting list for organ transplantation and the available number of deceased donor organs. India is currently having a deceased donation rate of 0.05–0.08/million population compared to rates of more than 20/million in Spain, US, and France.[3] Because of this low donation rate, patients requiring transplantation wait for a long time. Patients with end-stage renal disease can be maintained on dialysis till they get the donor organ. However, patients requiring heart, lung, and liver cannot be maintained for an extended time on mechanical devices. Therefore, there is a great need for increasing organ donation and harnessing of donor organs. Although the public is accustomed to blood donation, there is largely a hesitation about organ donation. For the success of the organ donation program, positive attitude of the public toward organ donation and the consent by relatives for organ donation in the event of brain death are required.
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Answer:
Explanation:
Organ transplantation is the most preferred treatment for many of the end-stage organ diseases as it offers a better quality of life and has a better long-term survival benefits.[1] However, the primary hindrance to the organ transplantation program worldwide is the shortage of donor organs.[2] There is an increasing discrepancy between the number of patients on the waiting list for organ transplantation and the available number of deceased donor organs. India is currently having a deceased donation rate of 0.05–0.08/million population compared to rates of more than 20/million in Spain, US, and France.[3] Because of this low donation rate, patients requiring transplantation wait for a long time. Patients with end-stage renal disease can be maintained on dialysis till they get the donor organ. However, patients requiring heart, lung, and liver cannot be maintained for an extended time on mechanical devices. Therefore, there is a great need for increasing organ donation and harnessing of donor organs. Although the public is accustomed to blood donation, there is largely a hesitation about organ donation. For the success of the organ donation program, positive attitude of the public toward organ donation and the consent by relatives for organ donation in the event of brain death are required.
In India, due to the imbalance between availability and demand, kidneys were harvested from the poor Indians by exploiting their poverty. To ban this illegal sale of organs, in the year 1994, the Government of India passed “the transplantation of human organs act.”[4] Under this act, donation of organs by deceased persons was made legal; and the transplantation between unrelated live individuals was made illegal. Nevertheless, due to lack of knowledge about the legal and procedural details of organ donation, kidneys are sold in the black, and frequently, the police uncover these illegal kidney transplant rackets.[5] Thus, there is a great need for increasing awareness about the importance of organ donation and the legal provisions related to it. An assessment of awareness and attitude toward organ donation would help to plan sensitization programs and to propagate knowledge at the community level. A study in Andhra Pradesh (a Southern state in India) reported that only 30% were aware of eye donation.[6] However, in India, there is a lack of studies on awareness and attitude of the people about solid organ donation, especially in the rural areas. The aim of this study is to assess the awareness regarding organ donation among the rural population and to assess their attitudes toward organ donation.