significant figure
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significant figure
nounMATHEMATICS
plural noun: significant figures
each of the digits of a number that are used to express it to the required degree of accuracy, starting from the first non-zero digit.
"this text will round numbers to three significant figures"The significant figures (also known as the significant digits) of a number are digits that carry meaningful contributions to its measurement resolution. This includes all digits except:[1]
All leading zeros. For example, "013." has two significant figures: 1 and 3;
Trailing zeros when they are merely placeholders to indicate the scale of the number (exact rules are explained at identifying significant figures); and
Spurious digits introduced, for example, by calculations carried out to greater precision than that of the original data, or measurements reported to a greater precision than the equipment supports.
Of the significant figures in a number, the most significant is the position with the highest exponent value (the left-most in normal decimal notation), and the least significant is the position with the lowest exponent value (the right-most in normal decimal notation).
Significance arithmetic is a set of approximate rules for roughly maintaining significance throughout a computation. The more sophisticated scientific rules are known as propagation of uncertainty.
Numbers are often rounded to avoid reporting insignificant figures. For example, it would create false precision to express a measurement as 12.34525 kg (which has seven significant figures) if the scales only measured to the nearest gram and gave a reading of 12.345 kg (which has five significant figures). Numbers can also be rounded merely for simplicity rather than to indicate a given precision of measurement, for example, to make them faster to pronounce in news broadcasts or other things.
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- Significant figures in mathematics are those digits which carry a meaningful contribution to the measurement of a value.
- This ensures accuracy in the measurement.
- Significant figures includes all the digits of a number other than the leading zeroes.
- For example: 3341 has 4 significant figures, 58000 has 5 significant figures because we can write this as 58*10^3 so 58 has 2 significant figures and 10^3 means 3 significant figures which in total makes 5 , and 98.6000 has 3 significant figures because we don't include the leading zeroes here .
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