SINCE THERE IS MAINLY 2 TYPES OF PLATEAU DECCAN AND CENTRAL HIGHLANDS THEN WHAT IS MALWA PLATEAU..
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Table of Contents
Peninsular Plateau
Features of the Peninsular Plateau
Minor Plateaus in the Peninsular Plateau
Marwar Plateau or Mewar Plateau
Central Highland
Bundelkhand Upland
Malwa Plateau
Baghelkhand
Chotanagpur Plateau
Meghalaya Plateau
Deccan Plateau
Maharashtra Plateau
Karnataka Plateau
Telangana plateau
Chhattisgarh Plain
Peninsular Plateau
Peninsular Plateau - Plateaus in India
Features of the Peninsular Plateau
Roughly triangular in shape with its base coinciding with the southern edge of the great plain of North India. Apex of the triangular plateau is at Kanniyakumari.
It covers a total area of about 16 lakh sq km (India as a whole is 32 lakh sq km).
The average height of the plateau is 600-900 m above sea level (varies from region to region).
Most of the peninsular rivers flow west to east indicating it’s general slope.
Narmada-Tapti are the exceptions which flow from east to west in a rift (rift is caused by divergent boundary (Go back to Interaction of plates).
The Peninsular Plateau is a one of the oldest landforms of earth.
It is a highly stable block composed mostly of the Archaean gneisses and schists {Rock System}.
It has been a stable shield which has gone through little structural changes since its formation.
Since few hundred million years, Peninsular block has been a land area and has never been submerged beneath the sea except in a few places.
Peninsular Plateau is an aggregation of several smaller plateaus, hill ranges interspersed with river basins and valleys.
Minor Plateaus in the Peninsular Plateau
Marwar Plateau or Mewar Plateau
It is the plateau of eastern Rajasthan. [Marwar plain is to the west of Aravalis whereas Marwar plateau is to the east].
The average elevation is 250-500 m above sea level and it slopes down eastwards.
It is made up of sandstone, shales and limestones of the Vindhayan period.
The Banas river, along with its tributaries [Berach river, Khari rivers] originate in the Aravali Range and flow towards northwest into Chambal river. The erosional activity of these rives make the plateau top appear like a rolling plain.
[Rolling Plain: ‘Rolling plains’ are not completely flat: there are slight rises and fall in the land form. Ex: Prairies of USA]
Central Highland
Also called the Madhya Bharat Pathar or Madhya Bharat Plateau.
It is to the east of the Marwar or Mewar Upland.
Most of plateau comprises the basin of the Chambal river which flows in a rift valley.
The Kali Sindh, flowing from Rana Prataph Sagar, The Banas flowing through Mewar plateau and The Parwan and the Parbati flowing from Madhya Pradesh are its main tributaries.
It is a rolling plateau with rounded hills composed of sandstone. Thick forests grow here.
To the north are the ravines or badlands of the Chambal river [They are typical to Chambal river basin]{ Arid landforms}.
Bundelkhand Upland
Yamuna river to the north, Madhya Bharat Pathar to the west, Vindhyan Scarplands to the east and south-east and Malwa Plateau to the south.
It is the old dissected (divided by a number of deep valleys) upland of the ‘Bundelkhand gneiss’ comprising of granite and gneiss.
Spreads over five districts of Uttar Pradesh and four districts of Madhya Pradesh.
Average elevation of 300-600 m above sea level, this area slopes down from the Vindhyan Scarp toward the Yamuna River.
The area is marked by a chain of hillocks (small hill) made of granite and sandstone.
The erosional work of the rivers flowing here have converted it into an undulating (wave like surface) area and rendered it unfit for cultivation.
The region is characterized by senile (characteristic of or caused by old age) topography.
Streams like Betwa, Dhasan and Ken flow through the plateau.
Malwa Plateau
The Malwa Plateau roughly forms a triangle based on the Vindhyan Hills, bounded by the Aravali Range in the west and Madhya Bharat Pathar to the north and Bundelkhand to the east.
This plateau has two systems of drainage; one towards the Arabian sea (The Narmada, the Tapi and the Mahi), and the other towards the Bay of Bengal (Chambal and Betwa, joining the Yamuna).
In the north it is drained by the Chambal and many of its right bank tributaries like the Kali, the Sindh and the Parbati. It also includes the upper courses of the Sindh, the Ken and the Betwa.
It is composed of extensive lava flow and is covered with black soils.
The general slope is towards the north [decreases from 600 m in the south to less than 500 m in the north]
This is a rolling plateau dissected by rivers. In the north, the plateau is marked by the Chambal ravines.
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