six problem with their solution of agriculture in nepal in point
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Problems of Nepalese Agriculture and their Solutions
Subject: Social Studies
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Problems of Nepalese Agriculture and their Solutions
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In Nepal, the economy is dominated by agriculture. We have not been able to improve our agriculture a lot. It is in still traditional and labour-intensive. This note contains description on Problems of Nepalese Agriculture and their Solutions.
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Problems of Nepalese Agriculture and their Solutions
Problems of Nepalese Agriculture and their Solutions
Problems
We have not been able to improve our agriculture a lot. It is in still traditional and labour-intensive. Subsistence nature and lower productivity are its major characteristics. Agriculture sector has been given due priority by all the economic plans; still expected outcome has not been seen.
The following factors are responsible for our agricultural backwardness.
Traditional farming: traditional agri.jpg
Nepalese agriculture used traditional methods of farming. Agricultural tools are not advanced. Due to traditional farming, work is very difficult and production in low. Farmers are not skilled in the methods of the modern agriculture. They are also not healthy enough to realize the potential of their farms. Crops and grains are destroyed by pests, insects and weeds. Animals also cannot give good yield when they suffer from diseases.
Lack of proper irrigation system: irrigation.jpg
We have not been able to utilize our vast water resources to irrigate cultivable land. Hardly about 20% of the total land under cultivation has good irrigation facilities. So farmers have to depend highly on monsoon rain which in not timely and reliable. In winter much of the farm land remains unused due to the lack of irrigation facilities. During each monsoon landslides and floods excessive rain damage of the crop land.
Lack of transport and market:
Due to lack of market our agro-based products rot in the places where they are grown. Food grains grow in the Terai cannot be transported to other areas easily nor can fruits such as apple grown in the north easily get market in the south. Due to lack of storage facilities , agricultural products suffer low price.
Unscientific and undemocratic distribution of land:
Land distribution in not scientific and democratic. Those who are actual tillers don't own land at all while those who don't even tread field hoard huge areas of land and leave it uncultivated. Fertile valley and plains are being occupied by the settlement and industries. Besides, there in over-fragmentation of agricultural land i.e. broken into too small parcels. It is difficult to cultivate such parcels. All this results in low production.
Over pressure of manpower:
Less than 20% of total area of Nepal in under cultivation. But over 60% of population overburdens the land. With rapid population growth, number of farmers cultivating the same field in increasing. When the share of land for a farmer gets very low, per ca-pita production decreases.
Poor economic condition:
Nepalese farmers are subsistence farmers. They are compelled to take loan even to run their family. They born in debt and die in debt. Interest rates are high. Much of their production goes in paying interests. In such conditions they cannot afford applying new technology and machinery to improve farming.
Answer:
The five main problems are pressure of population on land, usage of old techniques, lack of marketing facilities, lack of agricultural credit, and lack of irrigation facilities.
The methods to overcome this are a technical improvement, population control, providing adequate credits, marketing and storage facilities, and effective government policies.
Explanation:
Agriculture is considered to be the backbone of Nepal's economy.
Problems of agriculture in Nepal:
- Pressure of population on land: The land population is already very large and continues to rise. Agriculture is the lifeblood of the growing population. The agriculture sector's production and productivity are extremely low as a result of this severe population strain.
- Using old techniques: Nepalese agriculture is based on ancient methods. Farmers are largely illiterate and impoverished. As a result, the majority of them are either unaware of or unable to employ relevant new practices, such as improving seeds, fertilizers, and insecticides. As a result, the agricultural system has remained unchanged.
- Lack of marketing facilities: No proper arrangements for the farmers to sell what they grow, and adequate facilities are lacking.
- Lack of agricultural credit: The vast majority of Nepalese farmers are impoverished. They require sufficient credit to invest in agriculture. In some places of Nepal, agricultural development banks have been established to provide agricultural loans. However, the bulk of poor farmers does not have access to these services.
- Lack of irrigational facilities: Agriculture requires adequate irrigation, however, due to a lack of irrigation facilities, Nepalese farmers are nearly entirely reliant on the monsoon, which hurts agricultural output.
Remedies:
- Technical improvement: Agricultural productivity is aided by sophisticated production techniques. As a result, to fix the problem, production procedures need to be upgraded.
- Population control: Population pressure on land has resulted in a slew of issues. As a result, population pressure on agricultural land should be addressed by slowing population growth and transferring agricultural labour to other industries.
- Providing adequate credit: The majority of the farmers are impoverished. As a result, agricultural loans should be made available to small and marginal farmers at the lowest possible interest rate. Credit facilities offered by various banks and financial institutions should be broadened so that the greatest number of farmers can benefit from them.
- Marketing and storage facilities: The marketing and storage facilities should be improved by the production rate.
- Effective government policies: The government should assist in the adoption of appropriate and effective agricultural development policies. The government should assist in efforts to better utilise resources in the agricultural sector and provide farmers with easy access to loans.
However, agricultural development is insufficient. Agricultural productivity and output are both low. Nepal was previously a grain exporter but has now become a grain importer.
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