six uses of micro organisms with explain
Answers
1. Some microorganisms are used for making food products like yeast is used for making beer, bread, wine and vinegar.
2. Fungi like mushrooms are used as a food in many parts of the world.
3. Microorganisms are used in the industries as a source of useful enzymes like lipases and proteases.
4. Microorganism are used for producing vaccines.
5. Microorganisms can utilize the elemental forms, many essential nutrients and bring it to the utilizable form for many organisms in the environment. Like nitrogen is fixed by certain bacteria for the plants.
6. Microorganisms are also used in ointments and cosmetics.
7. Microorganisms are used for producing vitamin B12 which is essential for humans as their body cannot make it.
8. Microorganisms produce some amino acids (glutamic acid, lysine, Citric acid) that can be used in preservation of food.
9. Microorganisms are also used in flavoring cheese.
Microorganisms and its uses
1. Production of dairy products:
Bacteria are the key players here. Bacteria help in fermentation which helps in making different forms of dairy products from milk like curd, buttermilk, butter, cheese. Streptococcus is the most common genus of bacteria that are used in the commercial production of this product.
2. Bread Baking:
A species of Streptococcus is added to the dough before making bread to bring about the required fermentation.
3. Alcoholic Drinks:
Alcoholic drinks are prepared or manufactured by the process of fermentation. Each drink is derived from a different starting product such as potato and grapes. Then it is fermented, distilled and alcohol is prepared. The commonly used microorganism here is different types of fungus like yeast. Some even use bacteria and fungus. Alcoholic drinks include wine, rum, vodka etc.
4. Help in sewage treatment:
They are also helpful to the environment. They help in the secondary treatment stage of sewage treatment.
5. Used as insecticides:
Certain bacterial and fungal species are used to keep certain insects and pests away from crops.
6. Fertility of soil:
Microorganisms play a very important role in maintaining the fertility of the soil. They help in the composting process which forms manure. Also, microorganisms present in the soil help aerate it and enrich the soil with nitrates and other nutrients. These nutrients are needed by the crops for an abundant harvest.