sketch and describe in your own words the plant cell and animal cell ?
Answers
Plant cells can be larger than animal cells. ... Beyond size, the main structural differences between plant and animal cells lie in a few additional structures found in plant cells. These structures include: chloroplasts, the cell wall, and vacuoles.
Cell is the basic structural and functional unit.
Explanation:
Animal and Plant cells are very similar in structure and function except very few structures which are unique to a plant cell.
- Both are eukaryotic cells (cells containing a nucleus), cell organelles and nucleus is bound by a membrane and cell wall. Plant cell can be differentiated from an animal cell by the presence of chloroplast and the cell wall.
The contents of a cell can be classified into three main parts:
1. The Outer layer
Only plant cells contain the cell wall is the outermost layer and is made up of cellulose.
Cell membrane is the structure which encloses the cell organelles.
It is the inner layer (beneath the cell wall) among plants.
Among animals it is the only membrane present.
2. The Cytoplasm
The fluid which contains the cell organelles.
Only Plant cells have a chloroplast for photosynthesis. Except chloroplast all other cell organelles are present in both the cells.
- Chloroplast
These are responsible for photosynthesis in plants. The chlorophyll present in chloroplast takes up sunlight and converts it into energy.
- Vacuole
It is called the "storage organelle" of the cell. It contains Sap, it is the fluid which is rich in salts and sugars. the vacuole also exerts a pressure called turgor which hold the cell membrane intact with the cell wall causing the plant cell to be rigid than an animal cell. among animals it stores waste products.
- Endoplasmic reticulum
These are of two types namely, Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum. They play a major role in synthesis and transport of proteins.
- Mitochondria
It is the "power house" of the cell. They produce energy through metabolism.
- Golgi Apparatus
These act as the dispatch rooms for protein received from the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Proteins are segregated and sent to their actual sites.
- Ribosomes
These are tiny globular structures synthesizing protein within the cell.
- Lysosome
It is called the "suicide bag" of the cell.
3. The Nucleus
The Nucleus is the part that carries the genetic material of the organism. The parts of a nucleus are nuclear membrane, nuclear pores, nucleoplasm and nucleolus. Nucleoplasm is the storage center of DNA in the cell, it multiplies the genetic material and splits it into two during cell division.
