Question

Sketch Rutherford atomic model .why rutherford model of the atom is called the atom is called planentary model

Answer 1

The model described the atom as a tiny, dense, positively charged core called a nucleus, in which nearly all the mass is concentrated, around which the light, negative. constituents, called electrons , circulate at some distance, much like planets revolving around the Sun .

Answer 2

Answer :

[Refer the the attachment for rutherford's atomic model]

According to Rutherford, electrons move around nucleus, just the way planets move around sun. This the reason why Rutherford's Atomic Model is called Planetary model.

Rutherford's Atomic Model -

• Before designing and atomic model, Rutherford conducted an experiment.

• In that experiment, he took a thin gold foil and the fast moving alpha particles were allowed to fall on this gold foil.

• He got some results by which he made an atomic model.

Results :

1. Some alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil.
2. Some of them delflected by small angles.
3. Also, some of them deflected by large angles.

• By these results, he made an atomic model.

• According to him, most of the space inside an atom is empty because of which most of the alpha particles were able to pass through gold foil.

• Also, some alpha particles deflected at small angles indicated the presence of positive charge in the atom.

• Also, some of the alpha particles deflected at large angles which indicated that the positive charge in the atom is concentrated at small volume.

• Hence, according to him there was a positively charged centre in the atom which he named as the nucleus. Also, the mass of the atom resides in the nucleus. The electrons revolve around the nucleus in orbits.