smoking, alcohol, drugs and other harmful behaviours.
He
Review Questions
1. Explain the concept of stress. Give examples from daily life.
2. State the symptoms and sources of stress.
3. Describe the GAS model and illustrate the relevance of this model with the help of
an example.
4. Enumerate the different ways of coping with stress.
5. Explain the effect of stress on psychological functioning.
6. Describe how life skills can help meet life's challenges.
7. Discuss the factors that lead to positive health and well-being.
8. How does stress affect the immune system?
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Chapter 3. Meeting Life Challenges
Answers
Explanation:
1) The pattern of responses an organism makes to stimulus event that disturbs the equilibrium and exceeds a person’s ability to cope. Origin in the Latin word ‘strictus’ meaning tight/narrow and ‘stringere’ to tighten. Stress may get manifested in two forms :a Eustress : The level qf stress that is good for you and is one of a person’s best assets for achieving peak performance and managing minor crises. This is positive healthy and inspiring.bDistress: Manifestation of stress that causes our body’s wear and tear. It is negative unhealthy and demotivating. Stressors: Events that cause our body to give the stress response. Whatever causes stress is known as stressor.Strain: Reaction to external stressors is known as strain.Hans Selye Father of modem stress research defined stress as a non-specific response of the body to any demands.Basic Features of Stress:1. Different stressors may produce different patterns of stress reaction.2. Stress is embedded in the ongoing process that involves individuals interacting ’ with their social and cultural environment. Stress is a dynamic mental/cognitive state. It is a disruption in homeostasis/imbalance that gives rise to resolution of the imbalance/restoration of homeostasis. Perception of stress is dependent on an individual’s cognitive appraisal of events and the resources available to deal with them.
2) Common causes of stress include work, money, relationships and illness. Significant events like the Covid-19 pandemic and the Christchurch earthquakes can also increase stress and anxiety. Symptoms may include irritability, difficulty sleeping or relaxing, headaches, and muscle tension.
3) Think about a time you were stressed. What did it feel like? How did you know you were stressed? You probably remember your heart rate increasing. If you were stressed long enough, you may have felt tired and even gotten sick. Hans Selye described three predictable stages the body uses to respond to stressors, called general adaptation syndrome (GAS). The first stage is the alarm stage, which provides a burst of energy. In the second stage, known as the resistance stage, the body attempts to resist or adapt to the stressor. The last stage is known as the exhaustion stage because energy is depleted.
4) Here are some healthy ways you can deal with stress:
- Take care of yourself.
- Eat healthy, well-balanced meals.
- Talk to others.
- Share your problems and how you are feeling and coping with a parent, friend, counselor, doctor, or pastor.
- Avoid drugs and alcohol.
- Take a break.
- Recognize when you need more help.
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