Question

Soap cannot be used in hard water why?

Answer 1

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Soaps doesn't work in hard water.

Reason/Explanation :-

We know that, Hard water contains high amount of Magnesium and calcium ions , when it reacts with soaps it forms insoluble substance.

While soap is made up of long chain of fatty acids by Sodium (Na) and Potassium(K) salts .

So it is clear that when soaps are added in hard water, Hard water ions displace sodium and potassium from it's salts.  


Reaction Involved in the process :-


C₁₇H₃₅COONa + CaCl₂ ----→ C₁₇H₃₅(COO)₂Ca + 2NaCl
 Soap                                         Insoluble
(Sodium Stearate)               (Calcium Stearate)        


Hence , Soap is added to hard water forms Insoluble substance. This is the reason why soap cannot be used in hard water.    

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Answer 2

Soaps cannot be used in hard water because of its tendency to form precipitate with those calcium and magnesium salts which are present in hard water. This formation of precipitate results in prevention of formation of lather in soap water.