Question

Sobre
1 Measurements And Experimentation
SYLLABUS
(0) Immal osem of unirs (the required Slivnits with correctombols are given at the end of this syllabus,
Oni
nie stem of units - EPS. and CGS.
(a) Monuments using common instruments, Vernier callipers and micromeire sur page for length and simple
pohlems on callipers and screw gauge), Simple pendulum; time period, frequency, graph of length 1 vs T only
un increase in accuricy: least count (LC.) of vernier callipers and screw gauc, Zero CITO (basic iden) (no numerical
Stop - Measurement of length using vemier callipers and micrometre scrow youge Decreasing least wh leads to
slope of the graph. Formula T =
dulum for rime
2/8 (No derivation). Only simple numerical problems
Thus
(A) SYSTEMS OF UNIT AND UNITS IN S.I. SYSTEM
(ii) The numerical value which expresses, how
1.1 NEED OF UNIT FOR MEASUREMENT
many times the above selected unit is
Physics, like other branches of science requires
contained in the given quantity.
experimental studies which involve measurements.
Thus the magnitude of a physical quantity is
For the measurement of a physical quantity, we
consider a constant quantity of same nature as a expressed as :
sandard and then we compare the given quantity Physical quantity = (numerical value) x (unit)
with the standard quantity i.e. we find the number
Examples: (i) If the length of a piece of cloth
which expresses, how many times the standard
quantity is contained in the given physical quantity, is 10 metre, it means that the length is measured in
the unit metre and this unit is contained 10 times
in the length of the given piece of cloth.
Measurement is the process of comparison of
(ii) If the mass of a given quantity of sugar is
the given physical quantity with the known
5 kilogram, it means that the mass is measured in
standard quantity of the same nature.
the unit kilogram and this unit is contained 5 times
The standard quantity used to measure and
in the given quantity of sugar.
express the given physical quantity is called the Choice of unit
unit. For quantities of different nature, we require Since a unit is to be used universally, so it
different units.
should have validity everywhere at all times. Hence
to measure a physical quantity, the unit chosen
Unit is the quantity of a constant magnitude
should have the following properties :
which is used to measure the magnitudes of
(i) The unit should be of convenient size.
other quantities of the same nature.
(ii) It should be possible to define the unit without
The result of measurement of a given physical any ambiguity,
quantity is expressed in terms of the following two (ii) The unit should be reproducible.
parameters:
(iv) The value of unit should not change with
(1) The unit in which the quantity is being space and time. (i.e., it must always remain
measured, and
same everywhere).​

Answer 1

Answer:

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