Question

Social and cultural factors of forest management

Answer 1

Nonindustrial private—or “family”—forests hold great potential for sequestering carbon and have received much attention in discussions about forestry-based climate change mitigation. However, little is known about social and cultural influences on owners' willingness to manage for carbon and respond to policies designed to encourage carbon-oriented management. We review the published literature to examine how family forest owners' values, ecological knowledge, risk perceptions, and forest management and policy preferences may affect their interest in managing for carbon sequestration. We find that although family forest owners may not be particularly motivated to mitigate climate change, their forest management values and practices compliment many carbon-oriented management strategies. However, the strong value owners place on privacy and autonomy, and the weak importance many place on financial reward, may inhibit participation in policies and programs that incentivize carbon-oriented management. These findings also have implications for policy efforts to encourage management for other ecological values besides carbon sequestration on family forestlands.

Answer 2

Answer:

Numerous economic and social benefits are provided by woods to humankind. among them are contributions to the economy as a whole.

Explanation:

Humanity gains greatly from forests in both the economic and social spheres. These include investments in the forest sector as well as contributions to the larger economy, such as through jobs, the processing and trading of forest products, and energy. They also involve hosting and safeguarding natural areas with significant cultural, spiritual, or recreational value. Sustainable forest management includes preserving and improving these functions.

Thus, alongside the more common statistics on the primary environmental values taken into account under the other categories, information on the status of and trends in socio-economic advantages is vital in evaluating progress towards sustainable forest management.

The value of the goods and services produced by forests, the income from sector employment, the sector's contribution to the national economy, energy supplies, and global trade are all examples of economic advantages that are typically quantified in monetary terms. Additionally, factors like the profitability of forest businesses or the degree of investment can be used to gauge the sector's economic viability or sustainability.

The social functions of forests are frequently more challenging to quantify and can differ greatly between nations based on their degree of development and cultural traditions. For instance, the advantages of forests for recreation and amenity values or the preservation of a rural way of life may be most significant in developed, post-industrial societies, whereas in developing nations, the area of forests available for subsistence activities or the number of people employed in the sector may be a better indication of their social value. Social functions are frequently quantified in terms of inputs rather than outputs due to the challenges associated with quantifying the social benefits of forests (e.g. the area or proportion of forests used to provide various social functions).

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