social grade 10 politics Ch 1
CBSE
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Answer:
1. The different forms of power sharing in modern democracies are:
→ Horizontal Distribution of Power: The power is shared among the different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary. Example: The distribution of power between Indian Parliament (legislature), the council of ministers headed by chief ministers (executive) and Courts of India.
→ Vertical Distribution of Power: The power is shared among governments at different levels– a general government for the entire country and governments at the provincial or regional level. Example: In India, power is shared among Central government, State government and local governments.
→ Distribution of Power among different Social Groups: Power may also be shared among different social groups such as the religious and linguistic groups. Example: ‘Community Government’ in Belgium.
→ Distribution of Power among Political Parties, Pressure Groups and Movements: Political Parties, Pressure Groups and Movements control or influence those who are in power. Different political parties contest elections for power which ensures that power does not remain in one hand and shared among different political parties that represent different ideologies and social groups. Pressure groups and movements influence the decision making process.
2. PRUDENTIAL REASON : Power sharing helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups. For eg in India, Hindi has not been imposed on the southern states .
MORAL REASON : Power sharing is the very soul of democracy. people have right to be consulted on how they are to be governed. In India, reservation of seats for SCs and STs in state assemblies & parliament is an example of moral reason.
3. The most logical statement is stated by Ouseph that every society needs some form of power sharing even if it is small or doesn’t have any social divisions. Power sharing helps to reduce the conflicts between the people and societies with the will to create the power of belongingness among the societies. People will feel satisfaction if there will be shared decision making process in the system.
4. This measure is not in keeping with the spirit of Belgium’s power sharing arrangements. By banning French, the mayor will cause civil unrest everywhere. French and Dutch languages should be accepted at the school of towns. Through this, the incorporation of the people of the town will be much better.
Explanation:
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