Question

sodium chloride is strong base whether ammonium Hydroxide is called weak base why​

Answer 1

Explanation:

⭐❤️Strong bases You can think of the compound as being 100% split up into metal ions and hydroxide ions in solution. Each mole of sodium hydroxide dissolves to give a mole of hydroxide ions in solution. ... There will be far fewer hydrogen ions than there are in pure water, but there will still be hydrogen ions present⭐❤️

Answer 2

Let’s first look at why ammonium hydroxide is a base at all (strong or weak being irrelevant). Ammonium hydroxide consists of two ions: NH4+ and OH-. If our subject is a base, it will readily accept H+ ions, while if it is an acid, it will readily donate H+ ions. Ammonium hydroxide contains OH-, so it will readily accept H+ ions to balance the free OH- ions. You may wonder why the compound is willing to accept a proton, given the presence of the positively charged NH4+ in solution. It is important to remind you that the pKa of NH4+ is 9.24, which is above neutral water, meaning NH4+ is perfectly happy with a few excess H+ floating around in solution. From this, we can conclude that OH- will readily accept a H+, knowing that before we reach a pH of 9.24, NH4+ is perfectly happy with OH- accepting a few additional protons. The compound is therefor a base. But your question is why is it a weak base, rather than a strong base?

The answer can be found in the definition of a strong base. A strong base will completely ionize in the presence of H+. This means that in the presence of H+, OH- will be completely ionized from its counterion to form water and the complementary salt. Let us use the strong base of NaOH dissolved in water as an example. In the presence of H+ ions (from water = OH- and H+), the NaOH will readily form H20 and NaOH because the positively charged sodium reacts with the negatively charged OH- from the water, while the Na+ reacts with OH- to from Na+HO-. In the case of ammonium hydroxide, the product would be NH4+OH- + H20. Notice that the products of either reaction are the same as the reactants.

Next, let’s look at the acidity of the products, which are Na+OH- and NH4+OH-. Which product is more acidic (meaning which one will likely lose a proton, H+)? The NH4+OH- has a proton available to lose, while the Na+OH- does not. This is what makes NaH4O4- a weak base. While it gains a proton (making it basic), the products very readily lose protons (making the products slightly acidic). On the other hand, the products of a strong base do not readily lose protons.

So while your question wonders why NH4OH is a weak base, I think it makes more sense to wonder why it is not a strong base. The compound NH4OH yields slightly acidic products, while strong bases do not yield acidic products. You can look at pKa values to gain a more mathematical viewpoint of this answer, but I hope this explanation gives you some insight on acid/base behavior.

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