soil and climate in the state of Punjab and Andhra Pradesh and how they Influence crop practice
Answers
Answer:
Soil may be defined as a thin layer of earth crust which serves as a natural medium for the growth of the plants.
SOIL STRUCTURE
It refers to the arrangement of soil particles. It is one of the important property of soil, since it influences aeration, permeability and water capacity.
Types of structure
Platy - Horizontal alignment
Prism like - Columnar type
Block like - Angular or sub- angular types
Spiroidal - Granular and crumb types
SOIL TEXTURE
The varying proportions of particles of different size groups in a soil constitute is known as soil texture.
The principle textural classes are clay, clay loam, sandy clay, silt clay, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy loam, silt loam, sand, loamy sand and silt.
SOIL PROFILE
"It is the vertical section of the soil through all its horizons from the surface to the unaffected parent materials". Generally the profile consists of three mineral horizons viz., A, B and C.
The surface soil or that layer of soil at the top which is liable to leaching and from which some soil constituents have been removed is known as horizon 'A' or the horizon of eluviation. The intermediate layer in which the materials leached from horizon ' A' have been re-deposited is known as horizon ' B' or the horizon of illuviation. The parent material from which the soil is formed is known as horizon ' C'.