Question

solid dash on heating and dash on cooling​

Answer 1

Answer:

When solid form of water (ice) is heated, it is converted to liquid (water).

When water is cooled, it is converted to solid (ice).

When water is heated, it is converted to gas (vapours).

When vapours are cooled down it is converted to water (liquid).

This is the effect of heating and cooling on solids, liquids and gases.

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Answer 2

Solid expands on heating and contracts on cooling.

Explanation:

Solids are one of the basic states of matter in which the particles are closely packed with least amount of kinetic energy. Solids have a definite shape, size and volume.

Heating

• Upon heating, particles of solid gain energy and starts vibrating faster.
• Initially the structure is gradually weakened which has the effect of expanding the solid.

• Further heating provides more energy to the particles and they start to break free of the structure.

• Although the particles are still loosely connected they are able to move around and melting or thermal expansion is observed to form a liquid.

Cooling

• When solids cool, the molecules slow down.
• Cooling a solid decreases the motion of the atoms.
• This allows the molecules to move closer together, so the solids contract.
• They contract when they are cooled; this process is called thermal contraction.