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Fossils help scientists to establish what creatures and plants were around and when. A fossil was created when a creature or plant died, it became buried in silt, dirt etc over millions of years the creature or plant would be put under great pressure as layers of silt and dirt buried it, layerr upon layer upon layer turning to a stone consistency as the pressure turned everything around it into rock.
Fossils can be dated by a method called carbon dating and also radiometric dating.
Mendel’s experiments showed that traits could be dominant or recessive by working with pea plants. He looked at the segregation of parental genes and their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive traits. His work made it possible to work out why we inherit certain traits from our parents, for example: brown eye colour is a dominant genes and blue eye colour is a recessive gene.
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