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Answer 1

Answer:

I)Rivers discharge mineral-rich water to the oceans. Satellite view of La Plata River discharge to the Atlantic Ocean. One way minerals and salts are deposited into the oceans is from outflow from rivers, which drain the landscape, thus causing the oceans to be salty.

ii)The main reason behind the water quality deteriorating is the use of excessive pesticides, insecticides, toxic and hazardous wastes, garbage and rubbish and decayed organic materials. The major harm is caused because of chemicals that are shoved from the industries and factories into the water bodies

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Answer 2

Answer:

Q.(i) Ocean water is salty.

Ans. Salt in the ocean comes from two sources: runoff from the land and openings in the seafloor. Rocks on land are the major source of salts dissolved in seawater. Rainwater that falls on land is slightly acidic, so it erodes rocks. Ocean water seeps into cracks in the seafloor and is heated by magma from the Earth's core.

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Salt in the sea, or ocean salinity, is mainly caused by rain washing mineral ions from the land into water. Carbon dioxide in the air dissolves into rainwater, making it slightly acidic. When rain falls, it weathers rocks, releasing mineral salts that separate into ions.

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Q.(ii) The quality of water is deteriorating.

Ans. Only about 33,400 km is available for the purpose of drinking, agriculture and domestic and industrial consumption. Water is not just being used injudiciously but also polluted at a large scale. Whatever potable water is available, its quality is getting worse day by day. The main reason behind the water quality deteriorating is the use of excessive pesticides, insecticides, toxic and hazardous wastes, garbage and rubbish and decayed organic materials. The major harm is caused because of chemicals that are shoved from the industries and factories into the water bodies. The industrial effluents and untreated water of industries get mixed into nearby water bodies like streams and rivers. Furthermore, sewerage water also gets mixed into these water bodies. As a consequence, the quality of water is deteriorating each day. The presence of nitrogen in water shortens peoples' lives. Salinity in water traverses to decrease the fertility of agricultural yields.

Note:

It is known that around 20% of the population in the world suffers through water-borne diseases. Portable water should be odourless, colourless and tasteless.

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