Question

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Answer 1

Answer:

1) They are transported through xylem and phloem.

2) (i) Translocation is the process of movement of materials from leaves to all other parts of the plant body.

   (ii)Transpiration is a process by which excess water in plants is lost to atmosphere in form of water vapor through tiny pores present on surface of leaf called stomata.

   (iii) It refers to the movement of water upwards through xylem vessel.

3)There are 4 elements of xylem :

               Tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres.

1. Tracheids provide mechanical support to the plants. They contain lignin. Help in conduction of minerals and water.

2. Vessels are similar to tracheids and perform the same function.

3. Xylem parenchyma stores water and food.

4. Xylem fibres are lignified with reduced lumen. They provide mechanical support.

4) Vascular tissue is a complex conducting tissue, formed of more than one cell type, found in vascular plants. The primary components of vascular tissue are the xylem and phloem. These two tissues transport fluid and nutrients internally. There are also two meristems associated with vascular tissue: the vascular cambium and the cork cambium. All the vascular tissues within a particular plant together constitute the vascular tissue system of that plant.

5) The roots of the plant absorbs water ,nutrients and transfer it in all plant parts transpiration takes place for evaporation of the water from leaf surface when excess water present in plant then it can be due to remove excess water transpiration is necessary.

6) The factors affecting transpiration are as follows:

Intensity of sunlight - more sunlight ensures more transpiration.

Temperature - increase in temperature allows more water to evaporate ie more transpiration.

Velocity of wind - transpiration increases with velocity of wind.

Humidity - transpiration is reduced if air outside is humid.

Carbon dioxide - increase in co2 level in the outside air over normal 0.03 % causes stomatal closure and decreased transpiration.

Atmospheric pressure - transpiration increases with decrease in atmospheric pressure.

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