Question

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Answer 1

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Electromeric effect is a temporary effect and observed only in organic compounds with multiple bonds in the presence of an attacking reagent. Electromeric effect may be defined as the complete transfer of shared pair of pi electrons of multiple bonds to one of the atoms in presence of an attacking reagent.

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jammu

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Answer 2

《《《 Assalamu Alaikum 》》》

★ Here is your Answer 》》》

(a) since the electronegativity of oxygen is more than that of sulphur. water molecule form intermolecular bonding with each other.due to this water need certain amount of energy for its vaporisation. hence,it is present in liquid state.

while in h2s intermolecular hydrogen bonding is not formed because size of sulphur atom is lage enoughas compared to hydrogen atom.so it exist in gaseous state

(b)

Well this is because because silicon dioxide has a giant molecular structure. the molecules are bonded strongly to each other and hence have very strong intermolecular forces.

(c)

$\mathbb{ELECTROMERIC\: EFFECT : (E-effect) }$

The electromeric effect is a temporary effect shown by organic compounds containing multiple bonds .

the complete transfer or shift of π electron pair of a multiple Bond to one of the bonded atom during the attack of positively or negatively charged Reagent is called as electromeric effect or(E- effect ).

This temporary effect takes place only in presence of attacking reagent as soon as the reagent is removed the molecule reverts back to the original position depending upon the direction of displacement .

1) -E effect:

An attacking reagent is said to have -E effect when the direction of π electron pair transfer of multiple bond is away from the attacking reagent.

=> The -E effect operates during the nucleophilic addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones

2) +E effect:

An attacking reagent is said to have +E effect when the direction of π electron pair transfer of a multiple bond is towards the attacking reagent

=> The +E effect is observed during electrophilic addition reaction of alkenes and alkynes

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