some simple points about human body lesson(kids)
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Eyes nose ears mouth hand legs stomach neck brain.
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The human brain is the central command system for the whole body. It’s a mass of about 180-100 billion neurons. Neurons have multiple synapses that create a network of over 100 trillion connections!
Tiny electrical currents and chemical messengers send information around the brain at 268 miles per hour.
There’s enough electrical current in your brain to power an LED light, 12-25 watts.
An adult brain weighs about three pounds. If you hold your fists together with your thumbs touching, that’s the size of your brain.
The folds of the brain increase its area size. A baby’s brain is nearly smooth while an adult brain looks like a walnut with lots of folds.
Brain tissue needs oxygen and glucose to function. It uses 20% of the blood’s oxygen and glucose. Brain cells begin to die after five minutes of no oxygen.
Different parts of the brain have different functions. The main structures in the brain are the: Frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, cerebellum, temporal lobe and brainstem.
The brain connects to the rest of the body through the spinal cord, which branches out into smaller and smaller nerves throughout the body.
The nervous system is the body’s wiring system. It transmits messages to and from the brain that are both voluntary and involuntary.
The involuntary messages are things we can’t control, like our heart beat, feeling pain, and reflexes. Voluntary messages are things we’re aware of, like reaching for a pen and speaking.
A pins and needles sensation happens when a nerve is compressed and signal is disrupted.
Injury to nerves can cause permanent paralysis and numbness.
Nerve diseases can cause loss of memory, uncontrollable shaking, loss of feeling, muscle deterioration and seizures.
To examine and measure brain structure, activity and nerve function, doctors can perform an MRI, CT scan or EEG.
A healthy brain and nervous system needs a varied, healthy diet and vitamin B1, B9, zinc, calcium, magnesium and vitamin C in particular. Because the brain is over 70% water, it’s important to drink lots of water too.
The study of the brain is called neurology.
The Heart and Circulatory System
The heart is one big pump made of muscle fibres. Its job is to circulate blood around body so that oxygen and nutrients can be delivered to cells, carbon dioxide can be removed and infections fought.
A healthy adult heart beats about 60-80 times per minute. Children’s heartbeats are faster, around 100-120 bpm.
The heart has four chambers to pump blood: Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium, then into the right ventricle where it goes to the lungs. Once oxygenated, it enters the left atrium, down into the left ventricle, and a big squeeze of the left ventricle pushes blood into various arteries.
Blood is transported around the body through blood vessels that are split into two functions, carrying oxygenated blood away from the heart, and carrying deoxygenated blood towards the heart.
Blood vessels carrying oxygenated blood in order of large to small are called: Aorta, arteries, arterioles and capillaries. Vessels carrying deoxygenated blood in order of large to small are called: Veins and capillaries.
There are so many blood vessels that, laid out end to end, would span 60 000 miles.
Red blood cells carry oxygen around the body. They’re so small that 2,5 million can fit on a pin head.
An average adult has around five quarts of blood and the heart pumps 83 gallons an hour, or 2 000 gallons worth every day.
It takes around 60 seconds for blood to leave the heart, circulate around the body and then return to the heart.
The heart is and is protected by the rib cage and sternum.
Because the heart is a muscle, physical exercise helps keeps it healthy and working well so you can live longer.
Heart disease is one of the biggest killers in America every year.
Eating too much fat and animal products can cause cholesterol to build up in blood vessels. When a blockage occurs, a heart attack happens.
Smoking, excessive alcohol, too much salt, drug abuse, stress, and high blood pressure can all lead to heart disease, heart attack and stroke.
Signs of a heart attack include difficulty breathing, pain in the left arm, heaviness on the chest, flu-like symptoms, sudden pain in the chest, turning blue.
Anxiety and acid reflux can sometimes feel like a heart attack but you should always call emergency services if someone thinks they’re having a heart attack.
The study of the heart is called cardiology.