Question

Source A - What is a Nation?

In a lecture delivered at the University of Sorbonne in 1882, the French philosopher Ernst Renan (1823-92) outlined his understanding of what makes a nation. The lecture was
subsequently published as a famous essay entitled 'Qu'est-ce qu'une nation?' ("What is a Nation?'). In this essay Renan criticises the notion suggested by others that a nation is formed by a common language, race, religion, or territory.

(i) What do Ernst Renan criticise?
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Answer 1

Explanation:

• The French philosopher Ernest Renan explained his understanding of what made a nation. According to him a nation is not formed by a common language,race and religion.
• To form a nation endeavour,sacrifice,devotion are very necessary.A nation is a large scale solidarity. Inhabitants of the nation have the right to be consulted.
• The existence of a nation is not only good thing but also a necessity. A nation has never any real interest in annexing or holding on to a country against its will.

• The nations are important as

(i) Existence of the nation is a guarantee of Liberty.

(ii) Liberty would be lost if the world had only one law and only one master.

hope it helps

Answer 2

Answer:

In this essay Renan criticises the notion suggested by others that a nation is formed by a common language, race, religion, or territory.

Explanation:

Ernst Renan criticised the thinking of people which was based on the castecism and racism .Renan provoked the idea that a nation is a collectie identity which is made for people of all caste and gender.