speech writing on AATMA-NIRBAR BHARAT
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Atmanirbhar Bharat, which translates to 'self-reliant India',[1] is a Hindi phrase used and popularized by the Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi and the Government of India in relation to economic development in the country during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, the term is used as an umbrella concept in relation to making India "a bigger and more important part of the global economy", pursuing policies that are efficient, competitive and resilient, and being self-sustaining and self-generating. It does not mean "self-containment", "isolating away from the world" or being "protectionist".[2][3][4]
The phrase has been used by Modi since 2014 in relation to national security,[5][6] poverty[7] and digital India.[8] The first popular mention of this came in the form of the 'Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan' or 'Self-Reliant India Mission' during the announcement of India's COVID–19 pandemic related economic package on 12 May 2020, 12 October and 12 November 2020.[9][10] Since May 2020, the phrase has been used across ministries such as the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Defence in relation to press releases, statements and policies.[11] The phrase has also been used by the government in relation to the 2021 Union Budget of India.[12]
The phrase has been used by the former Planning Commission in India's Five-Year Plans.[13][14] Commentators have noted that India has been enacting policies and building institutions that promote self-reliance since the day it was created.[15] Private companies and their products have also been considered as fine examples of self-reliance in India such as— the Maruti 800 car, Thums Up beverage, Amul, HDFC, the leading IT companies of India, and Bharat Biotech and Serum Institute of India.[16][17][18] Bharat Biotech developed India's first indigenous COVID-19 vaccine in a bench-to-beside journey that took eight months.[19
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Atmanirbhar Bharat – A Mission to make India Self Reliant
A country is said to be Atmanirbhar (Self-Reliant), if its produces sufficient amount of goods and services for its domestic needs along with surplus for export to earn foreign exchange, so that it can import the goods that it is unable to produce or can produce at much higher cost which may incur losses to it.
The countries with the availability of global trade facilities and faster means of transport, look at those countries wherefrom they can import quality product at a lesser cost and save precious foreign exchange, instead of setting up a costly manufacturing hub for their domestic needs. So, in this era of economic globalization with more interdependence among the countries and the facilities of digital marketing and communication available, it is difficult to think that any country can survive in isolation.
Atmanirbhar (Self-Reliant) Country: Understand the Concept
In fact, an Atmanirbhar (Self Reliant) country need not necessarily manufacture each and every product required by it. On the other hand, it will prefer manufacturing and processing more such products which it can do with expertise at low cost and the demand of which is globally more. At the same time, it cannot indefinitely depend on such countries who are dumping their low quality goods and are destroying the industrial growth of the importing country.
The concept of deriving benefits of scale, availability of natural and skilled human resources, expertise in manufacturing & processing the products in home country, judging the domestic and global demand, always help the countries arriving at the decision – whether manufacturing the products is beneficial or the required items should be imported while focusing on manufacturing and exporting the surplus items.
Atmanirbhar Bharat: What does it mean for India?
By becoming Atmanirbhar, India plans to revive its such small industries which used to contribute in high economic growth but are not functioning now as some of the countries like China have dumped their inferior products at low price in Indian market – a strategy which has made thousands of small scale and cottage industries go out of track. The income from agriculture, which is the back bone of India, also needs to be boosted, to keep India retain its rural India fibre and keep its economic growth wheels rolling at a faster pace.
India has suffered a lot in this corona virus health hazard initially as it was taken aback due to the sudden spread of China originated virus. There was shortage of masks, gloves, sanitizers, PPE kits for the medical professionals who are the warriors to cure the infected people. No country could come to help in this global pandemic as all of them were suffering from similar problem. India, then stood up firmly on its feet and proved its mettle by providing medicines to USA and other countries which were suffering from the Covid-19 pandemic.
India is facing the COVID-19 situation with a spirit of self-reliance. India has re-purposed various automobile sector industries to collaborate in the making of life-saving ventilators. From zero production of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) before March 2020, India today has created a capacity of producing 2 lakh PPE kits daily, which is also growing steadily
During the Covid-19 pandemic, India has demonstrated how it has risen up to challenges and unfolded the opportunities therein while playing the key role in the global fight against the China born virus. India’s leadership role has been recognized and appreciated widely across the Globe.
The inspiring call given by the Prime Minister of India, Mr Narendra Modi to use these trying times to become AtmaNirbhar (self-reliant), offering Rs.20 lakh crore stimulus to revive Indian Economy, has been very well received to enable the resurgence of the Indian economy. India has started Unlock process with guidelines to resume the economic activities while maintaining preventive measures to allow graded easing of restrictions. Atmanirbhar Bharat has many facets to march on the path of not only economic development but also in infrastructure, defense and technological growth.
How India Achieves Self-Reliance in Any Situation? Examples
An example of India marching on the path of self-reliance in any given situation is the PPE industry growth in two months. The PPE industry in India has become a ₹7,000 crore (US$980 million) in just two months from March to May 2020, the second largest after China.
The largest fund in the country worth ₹21,000 crore (US$2.9 billion) was setup by the IIT Alumni Council with the aim of supporting the Atmanirbhar Bharat mission.