square roots of prime numbers between 1-20
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A random number between 1 and 20 is chosen. What is the probability that its square root will not be an integer?
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Siddharth Vishwanath
Answered August 3, 2014
Contrary to the answers given earlier - all of which were absolutely correct, of course - I'd like to address the case where you're sampling random numbers from the continuous Real line, as opposed to the discrete set of integers between 1 and 20.
In this case, the chosen random number (or the Random variable in the parlance of a statistician) assumes a continuous distribution with a uniform probability density function. X ~ Uniform[1,20]
The numbers of interest are 1,4,9 and 16. However, the Reimann sum of the areas of the rectangles corresponding to these numbers limit to zero. Hence, P[ x ∈ [1,20]\{1,4,9,16}] = 1 - P[x ∈ {1,4,9,16}] = 1.
So, there is an almost sure convergence that the random number chosen will not have an integer square root. I hope this helps. :)