Standard of living of the people and their consumption level is an example of
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A standard of living refers to the amount and quality of material goods and services available to a given population. The standard of living includes basic material factors such as income, gross domestic product (GDP), life expectancy, and economic opportunity. The standard of living is closely related to quality of life, which can also include factors such as economic and political stability, political and religious freedom, environmental quality, climate, and safety.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Standard of living is the material well being of the average person in a given population. It is typically measured using GDP per capita.
Standard of living and quality of life are similar in that they utilize some of the same data, but standard of living represents a more physical aspect of life while quality of life represents the more intangible aspects of life.
One alternative standard of living data set is the HDI, Human Development Index, which uses many factors from life expectancy and education, to GNI, and homicide rates.1
Understanding Standard of Living
The standard of living is often used to compare geographic areas, such as the standard of living in the United States versus Canada, or the standard of living in St. Louis versus New York. The standard of living can also be used to compare distinct points in time.
For example, compared with a century ago, the standard of living in the United States has improved greatly. The same amount of work buys an increased quantity of goods, and items that were once luxuries, such as refrigerators and automobiles, are now widely available. Also, life expectancy has increased, and annual hours worked have decreased.2 3
In a narrow sense, economists frequently measure the standard of living using Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Per capita GDP provides a quick, rough estimate of the total amount of goods and services available per person. While numerous, more complex, and nuanced metrics of the standard of living have been devised, many of them correlate highly with per capita GDP.
Standards of living are usually higher in developed countries such as the United States, than in less developed nations. In fact, basic measures of the standard of living (such as per capita GDP) are often used to define the differences between more and less developed countries. Emerging market economies usually see rising standards of living over time as they grow and develop into modern, industrialized economies.
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