Question

state about various tools used for ploughing

Answer 1

The primary purpose of ploughing machine is to turn over the upper layer of the soil, bringing fresh nutrients to the surface, while burying weeds and the remains of previous crops, allowing them to break down. It also aerates the soil, and allows it to hold moisture better. Now a days a ploughed field is typically left to dry out, and is then harrowed before planting. Initially ploughs were pulled by oxen and horses. Today ploughing tools is used by means of tractors. Ploughs are even used under the sea, for the laying of cables, as well as preparing the earth for side-scan sonar in a process used in oil exploration. It is a farm tool or implement used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or planting. It consists of a heavy blade at the end of a beam, usually hitched to a draft team or motor vehicle and used for breaking up soil and cutting furrows in preparation for sowing. For centuries, this basic instrument has been widely used for farming and soil preparation. It presents one of the major advances in agriculture through plough manufacturers and plough suppliers. However, agriculture in general is handicapped due to steep and hilly terrain, hazards of climate, uneconomic scattered holdings comprising of shallow and stony soils. The tools and ploughing equipment used are of a primitive nature throughout the Indian range. Traditional farm tools and implements for self sustenance have been developed or modified through experience over generations to meet emerging socio-economic and farming challenges. The type of soils and topographic conditions largely influence the type, size and shape of particular tillage tools or implements. Tillage is the basic operation in farming. It is done to create favourable conditions for seed placement and plant growth. This is done mainly with a plough. A full history of the evolution of plough is not available. Farmers have been using plough since time immemorial. The primitive model might have been a crooked twig or a branch of a tree. The basic components of the plough are a shoe, a share, a body, a handle and a beam. The shoe and body make one piece in the case of ploughs being used in Kullu, Solan, Shimla, Sirmour, Lahaul & Spiti and Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. The Joint between the shoe and the body is purposely avoided with a view to make the plough more rigid and robust, so that the implement can work on gravely soils with stones and other obstacles which are encountered during the course of ploughing.


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Answer 2

1) Plough- It is used for breaking large lumps of soil into small pieces.

It is used for removing weeds, grass, crop residues, debris etc. from the soil.

It is used for adding manure or fertilisers to the soil.

2) Hoe-
Hoe helps in digging and moving the soil upside down

Helps to agitate the surface of the soil so as to remove weeds and other unwanted plants.

3) Cultivator- It is the modern method of ploughing done these days. It involves the use of the tractor to drive cultivator.

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