state and explain Pauli exclusion principle???
Answers
Answer:
Pauli exclusion principle states that in a single atom no two electrons will have an identical set or the same quantum numbers (n, l, ml, and ms). To put it in simple terms, every electron should have or be in its own unique state (singlet state). There are two salient rules that the
Pauli Exclusion Principle follows:
- Only two electrons can occupy the same orbital.
- The two electrons that are present in the same orbital must have opposite spins or it should be antiparallel.
However, Pauli Exclusion Principle does not only apply to electrons. It applies to other particles of half-integer spin such as fermions. It is not relevant for particles with an integer spin such as bosons which have symmetric wave functions. Moreover, bosons can share or have the same quantum states, unlike fermions. As far as the nomenclature goes, fermions are named after the Fermi–Dirac statistical distribution that they follow. Bosons, on the other hand, get their name from the Bose-Einstein distribution function.
Formulation of the Principle
An Austrian physicist named Wolfgang Pauli formulated the principle in the year 1925. With this principle, he basically described the behaviour of the electrons. Later in the year 1940, he expanded on the principle to cover all fermions under his spin-statistics theorem. Meanwhile, fermions that are described by the principle include elementary particles such as quarks, electrons, neutrinos, and baryons.
Wolfgang Pauli was also awarded the Nobel prize in the year 1945 for the discovery of the Pauli exclusion principle and his overall contribution in the field of quantum mechanics. He was even nominated by Albert Einstein for the award.
Answer:
According to this law, no two electrons of the atoms can have the same values for all four quantum numbers.