Question

state and explain radio active decay law

Answer 1

The radioactive decay law states that the probability per unit time that a nucleus will decay is a constant, independent of time. ... Theradioactive decay of certain number of atoms (mass) is exponential in time.Radioactive decay law: N = N.e-λt. The rate of nuclear decay is also measured in terms of half-lives.

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Answer 2

The radioactive decay law is an universal law that describes the statistical behaviour of a large number of nuclides.

As was written, radioactive decay is a random process at the level of single atoms, in that, according to quantum theory, it is impossible to predict when a particular atom will decay. In other words, a nucleus of a radionuclide has no “memory”. A nucleus does not “age” with the passage of time. Thus, the probability of its breaking down does not increase with time, but stays constant no matter how long the nucleus has existed. During its unpredictable decay this unstable nucleus spontaneosly and randomly decomposes to form a different nucleus (or a different energy state – gamma decay), giving off radiation in the form of atomic partices or high energy rays.

Calculations of the decay of radioactive nuclei are relatively straightforward, owing to the fact that there is only one fundamental law governing all decay process.

The radioactive decay law states that the probability per unit time that a nucleus will decay is a constant, independent of time. This constant is called the decay constant and is denoted by λ, “lambda”. This constant probability may vary greatly between different types of nuclei, leading to the many different observed decay rates. The radioactive decay of certain number of atoms (mass) is exponential in time.