state and explain the different factors on which resistance of a conductor depends.
Answers
Resistance depends on following factors: 1) Length: It is directly proportional to resistance of the conductor. 2) Area: It is inversely proportional to resistance to the cross sectional area of the conductor. 3) Temperature: It is directly proportional to resistance.
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Explanation:
The resistance of a conductor depends on thickness (cross sectional area of the wire), length and temperature.
Resistivity is defined as the measure of the resisting power of a specified material to the flow of an electric current.
R=ρ
A
l
where R = Resistance of the conductor
ρ = Resistivity of the conductor
l = length of the conductor
A = Area of cross section
i.e., ρ=R
l
A
Unit of resistivity is Ωm.
(b) In the given circuit, the two 2Ω resistors are in series with each other and these resistors are in parallel with other two 2Ω resistors which are in series with each other.
R
1
=2+2=4Ω
R
2
=2+2=4Ω
Total resistance, R=
R
1
+R
2
R
1
×R
2
=
4+4
4×4
=2Ω
Total current flowing in the circuit, I=
R
V
=
2
6
=3A