Question

state and explain the universal law of gravitation

Answer 1

Universal law of gravitation. 
 
Universal law of gravitation:  The universal law of gravitation states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force called the gravitational force. The force acting between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centres.
 
Derivation:  For two objects of masses m1 and m2 and the distance between them r, the force (F) of attraction acting between them is given by the universal law of gravitation as:

Answer 2

Gravitation, also known as gravity, is a force that exists among all material objects in the universe. Gravity acts on objects of all sizes ranging from subatomic particles to cluster of galaxies. Sir Issac Newton studied its behaviour with his famous law of gravitation. In physics, gravitation is defined as the force that attracts every object to the centre of gravity. In general, gravitation is the force exerted by the body due to the virtue of its mass.

The Universal Law of Gravitation states:

“Every object of mass in the Universe attracts every other object of mass with a force which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the separation between their centres.”