State and prove Clausius theorem
Answers
Answer:
where SQ is the infinitesimal amount of heat absorbed by the system from the reservoir and is the temperature of the external reservoir (surroundings) at a particular instant in time. The closed integral is carried out along a thermodynamic process path from the initial/final state to the same initial/final state. In principle, the closed integral can start and end at an arbitrary point along the path.
If there are multiple reservoirs with different temperatures
In the special case of a reversible process, the equality holds.[1] The reversible case is used to introduce the state function known as entropy. This is because in a cyclic process the variation of a state function is zero. In other words, the Clausius statement states that it is impossible to construct a device whose sole effect is the transfer of heat from a cool reservoir to a hot reservoir.Equivalently, heat spontaneously flows from a hot body to a cooler one, not the other way around.
The generalized "inequality of Clausius"
for an infinitesimal change in entropy S applies not only to cyclic processes, but to any process that occurs in a closed system.
Explanation:
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