Question

State any five physical properties on the basis of which metals can be distinguished from non-metals.

Answer 1

5 physical properties on the basis of which metals can be distinguished from non-metals are:

1. Metals are malleable and ductile. They can be hammered into thin sheets and drawn into thin wires.
E.g Gold & Silver

Non metals are brittle they are neither malleable not ductile. They break into small pieces when hammered.
E.g sulphur & phosphorus are brittle


2. Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
E.g silver, copper , aluminium

Non metals are bad conductors of heat and electricity except diamond & graphite.
E.g sulphur & phosphorus

3. Metals are lustrous and can be polished.
E.g Gold & silver, Copper

Non metal or non lustrous and cannot be polished except iodine which is a lustrous non metal.
E.g sulphur & phosphorus

4. Metal are sonorous they make ringing sound when struck.

Non metal are not sonorous.

5. Metals and strong and tough they have high tensile strength.
E.g Iron

Non metal are not strong they have low tensile strength.
E.g graphite

Answer 2

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HEY ! MATE

↪️THERE ARE TEN PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS :-

★Physical state :- All metals [except mercury which is a Liquid ] are solid at rooms temperature ......ex– Iron , copper , aluminium and gold ...

Non metals [ at room temperature]may exists in solid , Liquid or gaseous state ...ex – Carbon , sulphur , phosphorus and iodine ...

Do remember :–

Melting point and Boiling point :– Metals generally have high melting as well as high Boiling of iron is $\small{\green{1536°C}}$ and it's Boiling point is $\small{\green{3000°C}}$......

Non metals generally have low melting point as well as low Boiling points ...For example –the melting point of sulphur is $\small{\green{119°C}}$

=>The melting point of diamond [ form of Carbon ] is very high ex– $\small{\green{372°C}}$

★Density :–

Metals generally have high density....
Non–metals generally have low density... However, there are some exceptions ...Sodium and potassium , which are metals have quite low density : their density value is less than that of water ....

★Hardness :–

Most metals are very hard ...They can withstand quite high pressure without getting disorted .....Non metals are generally not hard are brittle and easily break into pieces when hammered ....

★Lustre :–

Metals have high shining surface ...This is known as metallic Lustre ...Non –metals generally have a dull appearances that is ; they are non lustrous ... Iodine is the only non - metal which has a natural Lustre ...

★Melleablility :–

Metals are malleable , that is , they can be hammered into then sheets without breaking ...

Non - metals are non–malleable , that is , they can't be hammered into sheets ...

★Ductility :–

Metals can be drawn into thin wires ....This property of metals called ductility ....Copper , aluminium...etc...

Non metals are non - ductile ..

★Tensile strength :–

It is the property due to which a substance can ve bear a lot strain without breaking ..
Metals have high tensile strength due to their ductility and malleability. ..

Non –metals are generally don't have high tensile – strength. ..

★Conductivity :–

The ability of a material , to transfer heat energy or electrical current , from one point to another is taken as an indicator of it's conductivity ...

=>The two types of conductivities are :–

➡️Thermal conductivity :- The thermal conductivity of a material ; is a measure of ease with which heat energy can flow through it ...

➡️ Electrical conductivity :- The electrical conductivity , of a material is a measure of the ease with which electric current flow through it ..

★Sonorosity :– when a piece of metal is stuck with something hard a ringing sound is produced ...This property of metals is known a as Sonorosity .....Metals are said to be sonorous ...It is due to this property that metals are used for making bells ....

Non – metals are non - sonorous ...

=>There are some elements which shows some properties of metals as well as non – metals ....Such elements are called metalloids ... Silicon [Si] , germanium [Ge] , arsenic [ As] are the well known examples of metalloids ....

So , These are the physical properties of metals and non - metals ...

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