Question

State any five types of soil in India
Explain the characteristics
and distribution
of soil​

Answer 1

$\huge\bf{Answer :}$

Soil is the most important renewable natural resource. The soils of India are classified into :

$\bf{1. \: Alluvial\:Soil : }$

• Alluvial soils are the most widespread soil in India. It covers 45.6% of the area.

• Alluvial soil is made up of sand, clay and slit.

• Alluvial soil is deposit in the three Himalayan rivers. They are Brahmaputra, Ganga and Indus.

• It is found in Assam, Punjab and west Bengal.

$\bf{2.\:Red\:and\:yellow\:soil :}$

• These type of soil covers 10.6% of India.

• It is found in Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh. Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh.

• It is suitable for growing mango, rice, wheat and sugarcane.

• It looks yellow in its hydrated form.

$\bf{3.\:Black\:soils :}$

• Black soil covers 16% of the area.

• It covers Malwa plateau of Madhya Pradesh and Saurashtra plateau of Maharashtra.

• It is lack of phosphoric content.

• It is made up of Clayey material.

• Black soil is suitable for growing cotton, chilli and maize.

$\bf{4.\:Laterite\:Soil :}$

• It covers 7.2% of the area in India.

• Microorganisms can't survive in this type of soil due to lack of humus content.

• It is suitable for growing coffee, cinchona and tea.

• It is found in Kerala Assam, Odisha and Madhya Pradesh.

$\bf{5.\:Forest\:and\:Mountain\:soil :}$

• It covers 8% of area in India.

• It is made up of loamy and silty soils.

• It is suitable for growing tea, coffee, spices and tropical fruits.

• These soils are acidic in nature and consist low humus.

• It is found in Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Himachal Pradesh.