State briefly the difference
between white blood cells and the
red blood cells.
Answers
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Explanation:
Red Blood Cells (RBCs) White Blood Cells (WBCs)
Also called “Erythrocytes”. Also called “Leukocytes”.
They are produced in red bone marrow. Mostly bone marrow, also produced in lymph nodes, spleen, etc.
Nucleus Absent. Nucleus present.
Filled with haemoglobin (Red). Colourless, No Pigment.
RBCs have an average lifespan of 120 days. WBCs live anywhere from a few days (5-21 days).
5 million RBCs in every cubic mm of blood. 3,000 – 7,000 WBCs in every cubic mm of blood.
Number increases during exercises and high altitudes. Number increases during infection.
Formation of RBC is called “Erythropoiesis”. Formation of WBS is called “Leukopoiesis”.
Smaller than WBCs, 7.5µm. Larger than RBCs, 15µm.
Function: Transport of Respiratory Gases (Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide) Function: Defense Mechanisms.
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The Red blood cells are also called erythrocytes. RBCs store the haemoglobin, which is a respiratory pigment that binds to oxygen or carbon dioxide molecules. This helps in the transportation of the oxygen to different tissues and organs of the human body. It also takes away the carbon-dioxide from different organs and tissues to be replenished in the lungs.
Haemoglobin is mainly composed of iron, which combines with the oxygen, thus giving a reddish colour to the blood. It occupies 40-45% of the total volume of blood. The primary function of the RBCs is the transportation of nutrients and hormones throughout the human body.
Lifespan of RBC
The lifespan of RBC is 100-120 days. When their lifespan is completed, they are eliminated through the circulatory system. When a person suffers from chronic diseases, the lifespan of RBCs is reduced.
Also Refer: Human Circulatory System
White Blood cells
The white blood cells are also called Leukocytes. These cells act as a defence system against any infections in the human body. They produce special kinds of proteins called antibodies, which identify and fight pathogens invading the human body. These cells are classified further as granulocytes and agranulocytes.
The white blood cells contain visible granule-like structures in the cell bodies, hence their names Granulocytes. On the other hand, agranulocytes do not possess these granule-like structures. The three kinds of granulocytes are neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils. The two types of agranulocytes are lymphocytes and monocytes.
WBCs comprise 1% of the total blood volume. They are colourless because they are devoid of haemoglobin.
Lifespan of WBC
The lifespan of WBC is 12-20 days. After that, they are destroyed in the lymphatic system. The immature WBCs are released from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood and are called bands or stabs. The lifespan of WBC changes with age. For instance, a newborn baby has a high white blood cell count in comparison to an adult. The count of WBC also changes with pregnancy. A pregnant woman has a very high white blood cell count compared to a woman who is not pregnant.