Question

State hardy schulze law with example

Answer 1

it is defined as the coagulation power of precipitated ion is more if its valency is high
for example:coagalation power series of Al+3;Na+;.....
hope it helps you

Answer 2

Heirdy-Schulze law with example

The Hardy-Schulze law

1. The ions carrying charge opposite to that of sol particles are effective in bringing about the coagulation of sol.
2. Coagulating power of the electrolyte is directly proportional to the fourth power of the valency of the ions causing coagulation.

Example:

• For example for coagulation of negatively charged arseniuos sulfide sol, trivalent cations such as $Al^{3+}$ are considered more effective.
• In this case, trivalent cations are more effective than divalent cations which are in turn more effective than monovalent cations.
• On the other hand, for coagulation of positively charged ferric hydroxide sol, tetravalent $[Fe(CN)_6]^{4-}$ anions are considered as more effective.
• In this case, tetravalent anions are more effective than trivalent anions which are in turn more effective than monovalent anions.

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