Question

State Sign Convention.
Class 10th.
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Answer 1

Answer:

We need a simple, widely understood way to refer to voltages and currents in a circuit. The purpose of the sign convention developed here is to define what we mean by positive and negative voltages and currents.

Why do we need a sign convention? Passive components (resistors, capacitors, inductors) have a defining equation (Ohm's Law and others). These equations establish a relationship between voltage and current. We can't just assign voltage polarity and current direction any which way. Voltage polarity and current direction have to be consistent with each other. The universal convention for voltage polarity and current direction for two-terminal components is shown above.