Question

State the characteristics of a longitudinal
wave.​

Answer 1

$\huge\underline{\underline\mathtt{Answer:-}}$

$\bf\large\underline\red{Characteristics \:of \:a \:longitudinal \:wave::-}$

(1) The individual particles of the medium vibrate along the direction of propagation of the wave with the same period and amplitude.

(2) The progressively changing phase of the successive particles results in the formation of typical alternate regions of compressions and rarefactions that are periodic in space and time. A compression and an adjacent rarefaction form one cycle of a longitudinal wave.

(3) In a longitudinal wave, transfer of energy takes place through compressions and rarefactions.

(4) Periodic compressions and rarefactions result in periodic pressure and density variations in the medium

(5) Propagation of a longitudinal wave depends on the ability of the medium to resist change in volume. Hence, the medium must possess the bulk modulus.

(6) A longitudinal wave can propagate through any material medium i.e., solid, liquid or gas. It cannot travel through vacuum.

(7) As the direction of vibration of the particles of the medium is along the direction of propagation of the wave, the question of polarization does not arise.