Question

state the characteristics of the neutonन्यू टोन ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Negative charge

Neutron, neutral subatomic particle that is a constituent of every atomic nucleus except ordinary hydrogen. It has no electric charge and a rest mass equal to 1.67493 × 10−27 kg—marginally greater than that of the proton but nearly 1,839 times greater than that of the electron.

Answer 2

Answer:

This article is about the scientist. For the agriculturalist, see Isaac Newton (agriculturalist).

Sir

Isaac Newton

PRS

Sir Isaac Newton (1643-1727).jpg

Portrait of Newton at 46 by Godfrey Kneller, 1689

Born 4 January 1643 [O.S. 25 December 1642][a]

Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth, Lincolnshire, England

Died 31 March 1727 (aged 84) [O.S. 20 March 1726][a]

Kensington, Middlesex, Great Britain

Resting place Westminster Abbey

Nationality English

Education Trinity College, Cambridge (M.A., 1668)[3]

Known for  

Newtonian mechanics

Universal gravitation

Calculus

Newton's laws of motion

Optics

Binomial series

Principia

Newton's method

Awards  

FRS (1672)[4]

Knight Bachelor (1705)

Scientific career

Fields  

Physics

Natural philosophy

Alchemy

Theology

Mathematics

Astronomy

Economics

Institutions  

University of Cambridge

Royal Society

Royal Mint

Academic advisors  

Isaac Barrow[5]

Benjamin Pulleyn[6][7]

Notable students  

Roger Cotes

William Whiston

Signature

Isaac Newton signature ws.svg

Coat of arms

ENG COA Newton.svg

Sir Isaac Newton PRS (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27[a]) was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, theologian, and author (described in his own day as a "natural philosopher") who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time and as a key figure in the scientific revolution. His book Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), first published in 1687, laid the foundations of classical mechanics. Newton also made seminal contributions to optics, and shares credit with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz for developing the infinitesimal calculus.

In Principia, Newton formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation that formed the dominant scientific viewpoint until it was superseded by the theory of relativity. Newton used his mathematical description of gravity to prove Kepler's laws of planetary motion, account for tides, the trajectories of comets, the precession of the equinoxes and other phenomena, eradicating doubt about the Solar System's heliocentricity. He demonstrated that the motion of objects on Earth and celestial bodies could be accounted for by the same principles. Newton's inference that the Earth is an oblate spheroid was later confirmed by the geodetic measurements of Maupertuis, La Condamine, and others, convincing most European scientists of the superiority of Newtonian mechanics over earlier systems.

Newton built the first practical reflecting telescope and developed a sophisticated theory of colour based on the observation that a prism separates white light into the colours of the visible spectrum. His work on light was collected in his highly influential book Opticks, published in 1704. He also formulated an empirical law of cooling, made the first theoretical calculation of the speed of sound, and introduced the notion of a Newtonian fluid. In addition to his work on calculus, as a mathematician Newton contributed to the study of power series, generalised the binomial theorem to non-integer exponents, developed a method for approximating the roots of a function, and classified most of the cubic plane curves.

Newton was a fellow of Trinity College and the second Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge. He was a devout but unorthodox Christian who privately rejected the doctrine of the Trinity. Unusually for a member of the Cambridge faculty of the day, he refused to take holy orders in the Church of England. Beyond his work on the mathematical sciences, Newton dedicated much of his time to the study of alchemy and biblical chronology, but most of his work in those areas remained unpublished until long after his death. Politically and personally tied to the Whig party, Newton served two brief terms as Member of Parliament for the University of Cambridge, in 1689–90 and 1701–02. He was knighted by Queen Anne in 1705 and spent the last three decades of his life in London, serving as Warden (1696–1700) and Master (1700–1727) of the Royal Mint, as well as president of the Royal Society (1703–1727).

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