Question

state the differences between solids, liquids and gases on the basis of-
Shape, Rigidity of Molecules, Vibrational Effect of Molecules, Position of Molecules, Inter Molecular Forces, Motion of Molecules


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Answer 1

Solids : (Refer to Fig.1)

Here the molecules are very tightly packed that there is no very less intermolecular space and there is high intermolecular force of attraction (force of cohesion). The molecules do not move about their mean position and thus solids have a definite shape and volume.

Liquids : (Refer Fig.2)  

Here the molecules are less tightly packed as compared to solids and also there is lesser force of intermolecular attraction. The intermolecular distance is greater than that in the solids. Thus , they do not have a definite shape but acquire the shape of the vessel in which they are contained but have a definite volume at a given temperature.

Gases :  (Refer Fig.3)

Here the molecules are far apart from each other i.e., have the greatest intermolecular distance which result into the weakest intermolecular forces attraction . The molecules as are not bound by any strong force move about freely and thus gases do not have a definite shape and also do not have any definite volume.