State the different legal mandate of Inclusive education.
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Answer:
The current status of the Inclusive Education Bill in Senate is in the Committee of Education, Arts and Culture sponsored by the Chairperson himself, Senator Chiz Escudero. Senate Chiz Escudero gave a sponsorship speech on the floor introducing the first draft of the Inclusive Education Bill. Through further consultations and advocacy campaigning, he will be introducing amendments before the Congress ends.
In House of Representatives, the Inclusive Education Bill has not move forwarded from the Committee of Basic Education and Culture. A bill was consolidated and authored by House Representative Villarica.
There are 1.4 million persons with disability (PWD) that comprise 1.57% of the 92.1 million Philippine population (2010 CPH). One of five (20%) PWDs are school-aged children and adolescents aged 5-19 years, of whom children aged 10-14 years (7.2%) constitute the largest proportion across the different age groups.
A study commissioned by the Disability Rights Promotion International (DRPI) and the National Federation of Organizations of People with Disabilities in the Philippines in 2008 showed that the rights of a disproportionate number of PWDs across the country were regularly violated. They face discrimination and other barriers that prevent them from full social participation, immediate access to health services, inclusion in the educational system, and gainful employment.
Numerous research studies showed that social and physical barriers have a huge role in disability making PWDs disabled by society other than by their bodies, thus shifting the view of disability from a “medical model” to a “social model” (WHO, 2011). Consistent evidence, Article 1 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN CPRD) describes person with disabilities as “those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others.”
Similarly, the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (WHO ICF) defines disability as a “complex, dynamic, multidimensional, and contested.” It “understands functioning and disability as a dynamic interaction between health conditions and contextual factors, both personal and environmental” (WHO, 2011). The ICF adopted the “bio-psycho-social model” representing “a workable compromise between medical and social models. Disability is the umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions, referring to the negative aspects of the interaction between an individual (with a health condition) and that individual’s contextual factors (environmental and personal factors).” (WHO, 2011)
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