Question

State the factors on which Dipole moment depends .​

Answer 1

$\underline{\red{\rm Dipole\ Moment :- }}$

• It is the magnitude of the polarity of the bond .
• It is represented by $\mu$ , and $\mu =\sf q \times d .$
• It is vectors quantity which acts from a less EN atom to more EN atom.

$\bf Factors :-$

$\sf \longrightarrow \mu \propto \Delta EN$

• Ex - HF > HCl > HBr > HI

$\sf\longrightarrow \mu \propto lone \ pair$

• Ex - $\sf CH_4 < NH_3 < H_2O < HF$
• They have lone pair 0, 1 , 2 and 3 respectively .

$\sf \longrightarrow\mu \propto \% \ s \ character$

• sp³ < sp² < sp

Answer 2

Answer:

Total molecular dipole moment depends on the factors like- differences in the sizes of the two atoms, hybridization of the orbitals, direction of lone pair electrons. Dipole moment can also be zero, when opposite two bond dipoles cancel each other.