State the factors on which the minimum separation of cell site antennas depends.
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Regarding your question, it is a bit unclear what you ask for. I’ll say something about the matters presuming that you refer to the distance or separation between two (or more) antennas mounted in a same cell site.
The most common type of antennas used in cell towers is the “sector antenna”.
These sector antennas have high directivity, meaning that they receive or transmit preferentially in a certain direction. To illustrate the concept, below is a picture with the horizontal directivity of several common antennas (as seen in a top view), being clear that the most directive are the Yagi-Uda (the common TV antenna with 15 or 20 parallel elements mounted in a common axis, picture below) and parabolic.
Below is a picture of a Yagi-Uda. Its directivity is larger in the direction of the main axis (the support of the parallel elements).
High directivity in an antenna also means that its good operation is perturbed only when obstacles are present in the direction where they are more sensitive (i.e. their preferential direction, where directivity is larger).
Then, if you align several antennas side by side, not too far from each other, but with their maximum directivity direction pointing “outside” the arrangement, they are not so much perturbed by the nearby antennas. Here is a picture of a typical cell tower with the sector antennas pointing outwards.
The sector antennas in common cell sites or towers have a large directivity, as shown in Sector antenna - Wikipedia. A picture of their directivity is below; the important figure is the horizontal pattern at left.
The separation of sector antennas is in the order of 1 or 2 m, approximately. I hope this answers to your question.
The most common type of antennas used in cell towers is the “sector antenna”.
These sector antennas have high directivity, meaning that they receive or transmit preferentially in a certain direction. To illustrate the concept, below is a picture with the horizontal directivity of several common antennas (as seen in a top view), being clear that the most directive are the Yagi-Uda (the common TV antenna with 15 or 20 parallel elements mounted in a common axis, picture below) and parabolic.
Below is a picture of a Yagi-Uda. Its directivity is larger in the direction of the main axis (the support of the parallel elements).
High directivity in an antenna also means that its good operation is perturbed only when obstacles are present in the direction where they are more sensitive (i.e. their preferential direction, where directivity is larger).
Then, if you align several antennas side by side, not too far from each other, but with their maximum directivity direction pointing “outside” the arrangement, they are not so much perturbed by the nearby antennas. Here is a picture of a typical cell tower with the sector antennas pointing outwards.
The sector antennas in common cell sites or towers have a large directivity, as shown in Sector antenna - Wikipedia. A picture of their directivity is below; the important figure is the horizontal pattern at left.
The separation of sector antennas is in the order of 1 or 2 m, approximately. I hope this answers to your question.
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